Selection of Excellent Provenance and Family of Color-leaf Sapindus mukorossiin the Southern Low Mountain and Hilly Region of China

The 7-year-old test forest of 45 families from 5 provenances and of Sapindus mukorossi at Shanxia Forest Farm in Fenyi County,Jiangxi Province was taken as the research object in 2017.The growth performance and autumn leaf color effect of various provenances were analysed and evaluated,it is used to screen the excellent provenance and family of color-leaf S.mukorossi that are suitable for the construction of ecological landscape forest and stand transformation in the low mountains and hills in the south region.Variance analysis on the variation in growth and leaf color traits of the test forest containing 45 familie of S.mukorossi from five provenances,the mean value and coefficient of variation of each traits was calculated,the broad heritability and genetic gain of provenance was estimated,the cluster analysis and correlation analysis were performed,and the excellent color-leaf germplasm of S.mukorossi was comprehensive screened.There were extremely significant differences in tree height and diameter at breast height traits among different families (P＜0.01),and the traits of height to crown base were significantly different among families (P＜0.05).The traits of tree height,diameter at breast height,height to crown base and crown width were significantly different among provenances (P＜0.01),and leaf color trait was significantly different (P＜0.05).The generalized heritability of all traits ranged from 0.68 to 0.94,and the genetic gain of Suichang,Zhejiang provenance was the highest,with mean value 19.62%.UPGAM cluster analysis showed that the 7 families from Suichang,Zhejiang provenance were clustered into the same branch with excellent performance in each trait.Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were extremely significant correlations (P＜0.001) and height to among tree height,diameter at breast height crown base of S.mukorossi.There were extremely significant correlations between crown width and tree height or diameter at breast height (P＜0.001).The leaf color traits only had extremely significant correlations with crown width (P＜0.01),and had no significant correlation with the other three growth traits.There were abundant variations in tree height,diameter at breast height,and height to crown base of S.mukorossi among different families and provenances.The main sources of variation in leaf color and crown width traits were between provenances.The 7 families from the Suichang,Zhejiang Provenance were finally selected as the excellent provenance and family of color-leaf S.mukorossi by comprehensive analysis.