Abstract: Based on the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants, the floristic characteristics of the national key protected wild seed plant resources distributed in Yunnan Province were analyzed.The results showed that there were 482 species of wild seed plants under national key protection in Yunnan Province, including 81 families, 167 genera, 44 species of gymnosperms in 6 families, 14 genera, and 438 species of angiosperms in 75 families, 153 genera;among the key protected wild seed plant flora, the number of tropical distribution families is the largest, with 306 species belonging to 97 genera and 37 families, accounting for 45.68%, 58.08% and 63.49% of the total, respectively, showing a strong tropical nature as a whole, consistent with the tropical region with high biodiversity enrichment in Yunnan Province;among the 38 single-species families of national key protected wild seed plants distributed in Yunnan, the family of Cymbiceae and the family of Pistaceae, which are endemic to East Asia, are both relatively isolated in taxonomic status or ancient in origin.