Abstract: From June to October 2021, a survey was conducted on the community structure, species composition, population size class structure, and population renewal characteristics of Tetracentron sinense in the Baihe National Nature Reserve in Sichuan, China, using line sampling and sampling methods.The results show that 144 species belonging to 120 genera and 69 families of vascular plants associated with Tetracentron sinense, Betula platyphylla, Betula utilis and Cercidiphyllum japonicum are the dominant species of the community, and Rosaceae, Urticaceae, Liliaceae, Labiatae and Betulaceae are the main constituent families of the associated plants of the community.The species of herbaceous layer of Tetracentron sinense community are the most abundant, and its richness index and diversity index are the largest, while the richness index and diversity index of arbor layer are low.On the whole, the age structure of the population of Tetracentron sinense is a transition from stable type to declining type, with a small number of populations, extremely poor regeneration under the forest, and the diameter class distribution of Tetracentron sinense in various fields is incomplete to varying degrees, mostly middle-aged and elderly individuals, showing the characteristics of newer under the forest gap or forest edge.In the study area, the development of Tetracentron sinense community is not conducive to the regeneration of Tetracentron sinense population.The vertical distribution of the Tetracentron sinense in the reserve shows an obvious preference for the altitude below 2600 m.