Abstract: To investigate the fungal community structure in pine wood infected with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,and its impact on the reproduction of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,this study collected infected wood of Pinus massoniana from Yanping District and Nan'an City in Fujian Province.Fungi were isolated and identified using tissue isolation method, combined with morphology and molecular biology techniques, and the effects of different fungi on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus reproduction were analyzed.Through isolation and culture, a total of 174 fungal strains were isolated and identified from the infected wood, belonging to 40 species, 18 genera, 14 families, 10 orders, 6 classes and 3 phyla.Among them, Trichoderma was the dominant genus, accounting for 48.58%.Based on isolation frequency（IF）,five dominant fungi were identified: T.harzianum（IF=16.19%）,Diplodia sapinea（IF=13.31%）,T.atroviride,D.seriata and T.lixii（all with IF＞0.025）.The Simpson index（D）of the fungal community in the infected wood exceeded 0.86,with higher diversity in Yanping District（D=0.894）compared to Nan'an City（D=0.867）.Results of the plate test showed that the effects of different fungi on the proliferation of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were extremely significant（P ＜ 0.01）.T.hamatum,Alternaria compacta,T.viride,Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae and T.spirale exhibited significant inhibitory effect on nematode proliferation.In contrast, T.aureoviride promoted nematode reproduction significantly, with a proliferation multiple of 14.09,which was significantly higher than the control group Botrytis cinerea（proliferation multiple 10.57）.The results of this study systematically reveal the complexity of the fungal community in infested wood and its impact on the pine wood nematode population, providing a reference for the development of green control strategies for pine wood nematode disease based on fungal resources.