Abstract: To understand the diversity characteristics and conservation priority of rare and endangered plants in Jiangxi Guanshan National Nature Reserve,field surveys were conducted on these plant resources in the reserve.The priority conservation value of species was calculated using the endangerment coefficient,genetic coefficient,and value coefficient,followed by a quantitative analysis of conservation priority levels.The results showed that:①a total of 142 rare and endangered plant species(including infraspecific taxa)were recorded,belonging to 59 families and 102 genera,including 53 species of national key protected wild plants.②The priority conservation values of rare and endangered plants in the reserve ranged from 0.243 to 0.636.According to regional priority conservation classification criteria,6 species were categorized as highest-level protected and 41 as first-level protected.③The regional endangerment category and conservation priority level for rare and endangered plants were relatively consistent with the national list,but there were also certain differences.Continuous monitoring is recommended for plant populations assigned higher conservation priority,along with rational allocation of resources to preserve biodiversity in the reserve.