竹基集装箱底板热压工艺优化与性能分析

Optimization and Performance Analysis of Hot-Pressing Process for Bamboo-Based Container Flooring

  • 摘要: 在国家“以竹代塑”战略驱动下,竹基集装箱底板的精细化制备对提升产品性能和降低生产成本具有重要意义。针对以往研究多采用混合竹龄原料、热压工艺参数粗放等问题,以5年生毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)径向竹帘为主要原料,橡胶木和辐射松单板为辅料,采用L9(34)正交试验,系统研究热压温度、热压压力和热压时间对竹基集装箱底板物理力学性能的影响。结果表明,热压压力是调控板材横向静曲强度的核心因子,其通过控制胶黏剂在竹材界面的渗透来主导层间结合力,但压力过大会破坏蒸汽通道,降低力学性能。热压温度是决定板材含水率和浸渍剥离长度的主控因素,135 ℃为胶黏剂固化与半纤维素部分降解的优化平衡点,温度过高会导致胶层脆化与芯层热传导滞后。综合分析,确定优化的工艺参数为:热压温度135 ℃、热压压力4.2 MPa、热压时间1.1 min·mm-1。验证试验显示,优化工艺制备的竹基集装箱底板性能优异,其短跨距剪切力达12540 N、纵向、横向弹性模量分别为10663.7、5385.2 MPa、纵向、横向静曲强度分别为113.8、44.0 MPa、浸渍剥离长度为12.2 mm,均优于国家标准要求。研究结果可为竹基集装箱底板的精细化、稳定化生产提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Under the national initiative of promoting bamboo as a substitute for plastics,the refined manufacturing of bamboo-based container floorboards is crucial for improving board performance and controlling production costs.Addressing issues in previous studies such as the use of mixed-age raw materials and the reliance on experience for hot-pressing parameters,this study used radial bamboo curtains processed from 5-year-old Phyllostachys edulis as the main material,supplemented with rubberwood and radiata pine veneers.An L9(34)orthogonal experiment design was employed to investigate the influence of hot-pressing temperature,pressure,and time on the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo-based container floorboards.The results showed that hot-pressing pressure is the core factor governing the transverse static bending strength of the boards.It dominates interlayer bonding by controlling adhesive penetration at the bamboo interface.However,excessive pressure damages internal steam channels and reduces mechanical performance.Hot-pressing temperature is the dominant factor determining moisture content and immersion-delamination length,with 135 ℃ identified as the optimal balance point for adhesive curing and partial hemicellulose degradation--excessively high temperatures lead to adhesive embrittlement and thermal lag in the core layer.Base on a comprehensive analysis,the optimized process parameters were determined as follows:hot-pressing temperature of 135 ℃,hot-pressing pressure of 4.2 MPa,and hot-pressing time of 1.1 min·mm-1.Verification tests demonstrated that the optimized process produced bamboo-based container flooring with excellent performance,the short-span shear force reached 12540 N,longitudinal and transverse modulus of elasticity were 10663.7 MPa and 5385.2 MPa respectively,longitudinal and transverse modulus of rupture were 113.8 MPa and 44.0 MPa respectively,and an impregnation-delamination length was only 12.2 mm,all of which meet or exceed the national standard requirements.This study provides reference for the refined and stabilizing manufacturing of bamboo-based container floorboards.

     

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